A Beginner's Guide to Metering and Exposure

In photography, exposure is the amount of lightFor pictures with a greater focus on a single subject,
allowed to enter the camera, thereby making thecentre-weighted metering may be a better option. In
image brighter or darker depending on the exposurethis mode, the camera is most sensitive to the
time. If the shutter is open too long, the picturecentre of the image, and so giving it the most
becomes overexposed, and far too bright. On the"weight," or importance. This method still leaves the
other hand, if the shutter is too quick, not enoughsurroundings visible, which can give a nice balance to
light enters the camera, leaving the image dark andthe picture. It can also be used to capture a
unusable. Clearly, the amount of exposure is ansilhouetted subject, by working harder to properly
important part of photography.expose appropriate area. This is the second most
Fortunately, modern digital cameras make this muchcommonly used metering method.
easier. By using a light meter, digital cameras canIn some cases, such as wildlife photography or
automatically fine-tune an image's exposure, resultingextremely backlit subjects, spot metering is very
in better pictures.useful. In this mode, the camera will only expose a
However, while the camera can determine thevery small section of the photograph, usually 5% or
relative brightness or darkness in a photograph,less of the image, ignoring the rest. For instance, spot
sometimes it does not produce the image you had inlighting is excellent for photographing the moon, as it
mind. Fortunately, many cameras provide severalwill ignore the darkness of the surrounding space,
metering options to help take that perfect picture.showing much more detail. Most cameras will
The majority of photographs use average metering.automatically focus on the centre of the viewfinder;
This method simply uses the whole image tohowever some may allow you to adjust the focal
determine the exposure time, resulting in consistentpoint.
brightness values throughout the image. Most ofFinally, some cameras may offer a partial metering
today's camera's use a more advanced method thatoption, which is essentially spot metering over a
breaks up the image into several sections,larger area, around 10% to 15% of the image. Use
determines the best exposure for each, and thenpartial metering when the edges of the image would
recombines them, resulting in a more detailed image.badly affect the lighting of your subject.
Depending on the camera, this may also be known asUsing this information, you should now know which
evaluative, matrix, multi-zone, or honeycomboption will work best for you.
metering.