Self-defense Against a Knife: Myths, Fantasies and How to Stay Alive, Part One

"Knife defense" (actually, "defensestabbed (many people when stabbed say it felt like a
against weapons" in general, but let’slight punch). But that does not mean that
stick to knives/shanks/little pointy things for now), asyou’ll survive long with a hole in a vital
trained these days in most martial arts/self-defenseorgan!The Root of the Problem A major cause of
schools, and even in many (but not all)this illogical training paradigm is that many of the
"Reality-Based" ones, is moreprograms were developed by instructors who
entertainment than life-saving training.The Artisticattempted to replace their lack of real-world
Method: What Does This have to Do With Violence?experience with "hard-core" drill
Let’s eliminate from consideration up front allexperience. Many instructors have created systems
the thousands of schools where the "armedbased on thin or non-existent real-life experience with
attacker" brandishes a knife, cocks it at theblades, but lots of experience in martial arts training.
hip, then lunges forward in a single, committedSome of the instructors may have lots of experience
thrust… then waits or falls off balance while thein high risk jobs (bouncing, police, military, etc.), but
"defender" performs (yes, it is athis does not necessarily equate to vast experience
performance, as artistic and false as anything ondefending against deadly, committed, armed attacks.
Broadway) the prescribed technique. Of course,Even a situation where the opposing party is armed
that’s Knife Attack #1. Knife Attack #2 woulddoes not necessarily equate to a vicious attack if the
have a similar dynamic, only the knife is held in the icearmed party is not intent on using the blade to do
pick grip, and the thrust comes down from waaaaaymore than intimidate.As Lt. Col. Al Ridenhour USMC
overhead to where the "defender" canhas repeatedly pointed out (most recently in Guided
best perform the counter technique. WonderfulChaos Newsletter #58), no matter how
performance, elegant, good fun.Now, some schools,"realistic" they may be, sport methods
the ones that purport to take "knifeand training drills can never approach the
fighting" seriously, expand the number ofmulti-faceted reality of violent conflict!
prescribed knife attacks or "angles"."Realism" is not reality! A real blade does
Instead of two, you may get five, or twelve, ornot "tag" you, reminding you to improve
over 100 (at least from what I’ve seen)! Andyour grappling clinch position. It penetrates flesh and
of course, you must practice your techniques againstbone and does real, disabling, possibly lethal damage.
every angle. While you start out practicing each angleYour body instinctively knows this, and will naturally
and defense technique in isolation, with the knifeattempt to maximize distance from a real
attack freezing conspicuously at its apex to allow theblade--provided you’re not trying to force it
counter to work, eventually things go a little faster,to do the opposite!Untrained Instincts Morgue reports
and the "feeder" (that’s actuallyshow that a normal, untrained person, when
an official designation of the "attacker" inmercilessly attacked by a determined killer or
this version of the drama) starts feeding the anglespsychotic armed with a knife, typically reacts in one
out of sequence, without telling theof two ways, depending on the individual’s
"defender" . . . except insofar as themindset going into the situation:1. The victim panics,
feeder cocks the blade in the prescribed startingcurls up in a fetal position, cries out to God or
position for each attack before launching it, even atwhoever will listen, and generally puts up no
high speed (can you say "patternsignificant resistance, so overwhelmed and horrified is
recognition"?). Especially when things start goinghe by the sheer brutality and violence of his fate.
fast, and the slapping sounds of parries and passesThis is the reaction killers want to illicit when they
against the arms start sounding like a drum solo, thisattack with extreme speed, surprise and violence of
is REALLY fun!Does anyone not see some of theaction (factors it behooves us to utilize ourselves in
problems inherent in this kind of martialviolent conflict). It makes their task easier.2. Even
choreography? At least insofar as training to protectwith no prior training, the defender’s body
yourself is concerned? The limited, pre-plannedattempts to do everything in its power to keep the
attacks, the "if he does A, you do B"weapon away from vital areas. This appears to be to
memorization, the lobotomized attackers with noa certain degree instinctive. It typically takes the
limbs save the knife-holding one, the lack of anyform of running away if possible, dodging, pulling back
context whatsoever for why you’re goingthe abdomen to avoid thrusts and slashes (compare
toe-to-toe against someone ostensibly (but notwith pocketing--a Guided Chaos skill), swatting the
demonstrably) trying to gut you. . . . The list can goknife away with the hands at adrenaline speed
on much longer, but you get the idea.Getting(compare to the Dog-Dig--also Guided Chaos), and
Warmer: The "Reality-Based" Methodkicking out with the legs if the victim falls to the floor
Now, these days, many (but not all) of the(compare with Modified Native American
"reality-based" camps have taken thingsgroundfighting). These actions are the cause of the
a step beyond the foolishness described above and"defensive wounds" frequently found on
done away with a lot of the choreography andvictims of knife attacks. In many cases where the
performance art. Armed aggression is not parsed sountrained defender was eventually killed by thrusts
finely into discrete, prescribed "attacks,"and cuts to vital areas (typically chest and throat),
and the "feeder" now acts a bit more likedozens or even scores of cuts were taken first on
an attacker, at least insofar as he is told to try tothe limbs as the attacker attempted to cut and stab
repeatedly stab or cut the defender with a trainingpast the defender’s fast, convulsive animal
blade (albeit not so fast or hard as to cause injuries).instincts for self-preservation. What prevents the
At times, the attacker even remembers he has adefender from surviving is his inability (through lack of
free hand. The stances are relaxed, and movement isknowledge, experience and training) to damage the
actually encouraged. Sometimes the action isaggressor. However talented one may be at keeping
preceded by some improvised dialogue, and athe knife away or even controlling it, if no avenue of
"scenario" is suggested. Students are toldescape is available, the attacker must be damaged in
to expect to get cut, even while trying to avoid it.order to end the attack.Real World
This is progress!However, problems again arise. . .ExperienceContrast the experiences of the
."Realistic Training" The instructors wantinstructors we have discussed so far with the
the students to feel like they’re trainingextensive experiences of the WWII-era close
"realistically." After all, this iscombat pioneers like William E. Fairbairn (discussed in
"RBSD" (Reality-Based Self-Defense)! OneAttackproof Newsletter #58) and his
way to make them "feel" morecontemporaries.Then, look at the advice they
"realistic" is to remove the need for themgave:Late in his career, during an interview, Fairbairn
to "hold back" or move at less than fullwas asked about defending against a knife while
power. Unfortunately, good striking cannot beunarmed:Fairbairn had only two suggestions:A.
performed full-power in training without bulky,“RUN!”B. "With a lighting-like kick
unrealistic protective gear. And even when the gearof either foot, kick him in the testicles or
is used, the dynamic is changed considerably becausestomach."But when my brother asked him to
strikes do not have a realistic effect. What is thedemonstrate this move, "Willie never even got
only method of fighting that can be trained withup from his desk. He just said, 'You missed the
nearly full intensity without a prohibitively dangerousphrase “lighting-like.” I don't do
risk of injury? Sportive Grappling!Lo and behold, we“lighting-like” anymore.'"--From The
now have on the market a bunch ofFirst Commando Knives by Prof. Kelly Yeaton, Lt. Col.
"Reality-Based" (more accurately,Samuel Yeaton (USMC) and Col. Rex ApplegateKill or
"Training-Drill-Based") knife defenseGet Killed by Col. Rex Applegate, one of the most
methods that are grappling-oriented. The commoncomplete of the classic close combat manuals,
thread amongst them is that one must initiatediscusses strategies such as using a chair, using a
one’s defense by grabbing thebaton and kicking as preferred methods for
weapon-bearing arm or wrist through variousdefending against a blade. Other less preferred
methods and then control it while launching incidentalmethods are also included for closer attacks or for
strikes with the unoccupied limbs (e.g. knees,controlling a less dangerous adversary.Carl Cestari,
headbutts) and/or taking down the attacker. Theone of the foremost modern authorities on
more sophisticated methods teach combinations ofWWII-era close combat and also an experienced
classic standing wrestling techniques and positionspolice officer and veteran of all sorts of mayhem,
(e.g. the shoulder stop, arm drag, two-on-one, varioustaught several kicking methods to counter a
takedowns, etc.) in dynamic Greco-Romanknife-armed attacker, involving straight
wrestling-like drills with a rubber knife added in.So, the“savate” kicks to the midsection and
training is dynamic, forceful and uncooperative. Whatlow side kicks while stepping offline, all done with
could be wrong?How about the fact that even in therapid-fire “lightning-like” execution that is
less intense drills, the students constantly getenhanced by Guided Chaos dropping and balance
stabbed in vital areas?Training To Die You can viewtraining.Finally, a man of my acquaintance with
video clips of these kinds of drills on sites like Well,experience on both sides of the law revealed the
the instructors said the training would be realistic, andonly strategy he had ever “seen” work
that you should expect to get cut while defendingsuccessfully against a planned hit in prison (i.e. being
against a knife. . . So, by telling the student to putsuddenly assaulted at close range by multiple
himself in positions where the knife is very near hisshank-armed experienced assassins): get into a
own vital areas, the instructors are basically trainingcorner, drop to the ground, and kick out madly with
the student to die. . .But you know what? Theyour feet until the “hats ‘n’
training is fun! You sweat, it’s dynamic,bats” arrive to break things up.Where’s
it’s lightly competitive just like mixed martialthe disconnect? Why are the methods advocated by
arts training, and everyone cheers you on. I supposeveterans of real, desperate life-and-death combat so
the idea is that as you get better at it, you’lldifferent from those advocated by masters of
get stabbed in the heart, liver and kidneys less oftensport-based martial arts and “realistic”
than when you started out, just like you eventuallytraining drills? We will explore this in Part Two of this
get punched less in your boxing training (unless ofarticle.Ari Kandel is a 1st degree Black Belt in Guided
course the other guy is good or cranks up theChaos (Ki Chuan Do), the adaptive, free-form internal
intensity…)Anyone see a problem with thisart created by former forensic homicide investigator
supposedly "realistic" training? Sure, underJohn Perkins. He also appears in the KCD Guided
adrenaline, you may not feel the pain of beingChaos Groundfighting DVD.